Knight by force and wounded, protecting without a shield: A meta-ethnography of men's experiences after an involuntary pregnancy loss.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the available body of qualitative research regarding the experiences of men after an involuntary pregnancy loss. DESIGN: Noblit and Hare's interpretive meta-ethnography of 13 original qualitative articles was carried out. RESULTS: After reciprocal and refutational translations, the lines of argument synthesis were developed, together with the metaphor "Knight by force and wounded, protecting without a shield." This metaphor symbolizes the experience of men after an involuntary pregnancy loss. CERQual assessment showed that the results are a (highly) reasonable representation of the phenomenon of interest. CONCLUSIONS: The men attempted to cope with the loss of fatherhood and suffering, while managing the lack of social recognition and social expectations of masculinity in terms of their behaviour and expression of suffering. They tended to be strong, although they did not always have the necessary support or knowledge. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Comprehensive and individualized care that includes the man is required. This requires the theoretical-practical training of nurses and midwives, and the provision of tools that help the emotional management of emotionally demanding care.

Pregnancy after perinatal loss: A meta-ethnography from a women's perspective.

OBJECTIVE: This study uses a meta-ethnography to synthesize qualitative research on the experiences of women during pregnancies after one or more perinatal losses. DESIGN: This interpretive meta-ethnography followed the Noblit and Hare approach and the eMERGe Meta-ethnography Reporting Guidance. Manual searches and a comprehensive systematic search were conducted in Pubmed, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science, and Psycinfo. Eleven studies met the research objective and inclusion criteria. RESULTS: After reciprocal and refutational translations, the metaphor "The rainbow in the storm" and the following three themes emerged: (i) Between ambivalent feelings; (ii) being careful in the new pregnancy; and (iii) leaning on others. CERQual assessment showed that the results are (highly) reasonable representations of the phenomenon of interest. CONCLUSIONS: Most women experienced their subsequent pregnancy with ambivalent feelings and needed to reduce expectations, continuously monitor the pregnancy's viability, and eliminate risky behavior to protect themselves. Understanding and recognition by others is needed and appreciated. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Nurses and midwives play a crucial role in subsequent pregnancies and need to establish a care communion and ethical care during their encounters with affected women whose specific needs need to be incorporated into the guidelines and training curricula of care professionals to equip them with the necessary gender and cultural competences.

COVID-19 Vaccination and Community Management: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Nurses play key roles as vaccination agents and frontline workers who deal with prejudice and misinformation. This study examined the attitudes and perceptions of nursing students regarding corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and its social and institutional management. METHOD: This qualitative study consisted of an exploratory phase involving first- and fourth-year nursing students and a second phase using the PhotoVoice tool SHOWED mnemonic method followed by discussion groups with second-year nursing students. RESULTS: Three themes emerged: (1) hope tinged with fear; (2) too much information generating fear, uncertainty, and mistrust; and (3) leaders without recognition or voice. CONCLUSION: The results inform the body of knowledge in nursing science and enhance changes in clinical practice by providing new insights regarding the perceptions of nursing students on vaccination and its management, highlighting the need to train future nurses in health literacy and new ways to interact with community members. [J Nurs Educ. 2023;62(6):343-350.].

Cultivating learning in vitro: A meta-ethnography of learning experiences of nursing students regarding high-fidelity simulation.

OBJECTIVES: To synthesise the experience of nursing students in their final years regarding high-fidelity simulation in acute and critical care. BACKGROUND: For the complex and changing healthcare environment, new tools are required to help health students, educational staff and managers to design and present rewarding educational simulations. Due to the complexity and limited learning opportunities in real settings, high-fidelity simulation enables students to acquire skills for the provision of acute and critical care in a controlled environment that closely imitates reality; however, the literature on students' learning experiences with this education methodology is still limited. DESIGN: This study followed Noblit and Hare's interpretive meta-ethnography, which was written and reviewed for reporting clarity against the EQUATOR checklist using the eMERGe. DATA SOURCES: A comprehensive systematic search strategy was carried out in five databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science and PsycINFO. REVIEW METHODS: Ten studies met the research objective and inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The metaphor 'Cultivating learning in vitro' and four themes were developed to describe the learning experiences of nursing students regarding high-fidelity simulation in acute and critical care. The themes were as follows: Learning roots-Ways to learn during high-fidelity simulation; Learning stimulants-Elements that favour learning; Learning impairments-Elements that hinder learning; and Learning flourishing-Results after high-fidelity simulation. CONCLUSIONS: Seeing, doing and reflecting constituted the main sources of learning. Students identified the stimulating and debilitating aspects of learning which could help in the design of simulation sessions and promote their incorporation into nursing curricula. Finally, 'the flowering of the plant' represents the learning outcomes developed in a controlled and safe environment. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results of this meta-ethnography provide keys to promote change in teaching planning in relation to acute and critical care.

The link between task-focused care and care beyond technique: A meta-ethnography about the emotional labour in nursing care.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesise the available body of qualitative work regarding the experiences of registered nurses and nursing students in managing emotional demands of care. BACKGROUND: Care is the central part of nursing, and its provision is linked to interaction with patients. Comprehensive care allows emotions to be considered as an essential part of care. However, the emotional commitment that care demands poses a challenge for the nursing staff. DESIGN: Noblit and Hare's interpretive meta-ethnography, which was written and reviewed for reporting clarity using the eMERGe. METHODS: A comprehensive systematic search strategy was undertaken in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO in January 2020. The search included terms related to the sample population, phenomenon of interest, purpose of the study and type of research. Original or mixed qualitative articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese were included if they addressed the emotional labour experiences of nurses or nursing students. RESULTS: A line-of-argument synthesis based on the metaphor The link between task-focused care and care beyond technique was developed. Three themes from analogous and refutational translations of findings in the included nine papers emerged: (1) forces to get involved in care; (2) the cost of caring and (3) need to vent. CONCLUSION: Nursing staff and students managed the emotional demands by adjusting their involvement in care. Care beyond technique is provided by nurses who have strength and motivation in themselves and in the interaction with patients to become emotionally involved in care. Task-focused care avoids emotional exposure to patient suffering due to the personal cost involved. Venting and distancing are required to emotionally reconstruct themselves and to re-engage in care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Increased knowledge about these experiences may raise awareness of the emotional demands as part of the care process, to prevent their impact and favour their support.

The decision-making experiences of women who legally aborted: A meta-ethnography.

BACKGROUND: Abortion is one of the most common gynaecological procedures. It is related to personal, social, and economic reasons under a legal term that is recognised as a common sexual and reproductive right in most of countries. However, making the decision to abort is complex, because it is politicised and is often framed in public discourse related to moral or ethical issues beyond women's experiences. Therefore, it is subject to medical criteria, religious evaluations, and sociological analysis. PURPOUSE: The aim of this synthesis of qualitative studies was to synthesise the decision-making experiences of women who legally aborted. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD: The Noblit and Hare's interpretive meta-ethnography was conducted, and it was written in accordance with the eMERGe meta-ethnography reporting guidance. Ten studies met the research objective and inclusion criteria, after a comprehensive systematic search strategy in five databases. FINDINGS: The metaphor "The wrestling between why and what will happen next" and three themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) Forces that incite the arm wrestling; (2) Facing social stigma; and (3) Defeated by a greater rival. The metaphor provided interpretive experiences of the moral conflict experienced by women who decided to have an abortion and emerged from the confrontation of the reasons why they decided to abort and the social repercussions that making the decision entails. The result of the struggle was loneliness and vulnerability. CONCLUSION: The lines of action impact policy makers, the media, and health professionals. Actions should focus on the de-stigmatisation and normalisation of abortion, the use of appropriate language, and the training and sensitisation of health professionals.

Gender-based violence attitudes and dating violence experiences of students in nursing and other health sciences: A multicentre cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Gender-based violence is a major public health problem. Healthcare providers' ability to identify this type of violence and support victims may be influenced by their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs, which requires solid education. OBJECTIVES: To identify the gender-based violence attitudes and dating violence experiences of students in nursing and other health sciences. DESIGN: A multicentre cross-sectional study was performed. SETTINGS: This study was conducted in three faculties of the University of A Coruña, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were undergraduate students of nursing, podiatry, occupational therapy, and physiotherapy. METHODS: The Attitudes towards Gender and Violence Questionnaire and the Dating Violence Questionnaire were used from October 2019 to March 2020. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated to determine associated factors and identify differences in gender-based violence attitudes and dating violence experiences between sexes and degrees. RESULTS: Data from 459 students were analysed, of whom 180 (39.2 %) studied nursing. The mean age was 20.9 (SD = 3.6) and 76.0 % were women. Statistically significant differences were obtained in attitudes towards gender-based violence according to sex where men displayed more sexist attitudes and violence justification. Results showed a significant difference in attitudes regarding the biological usefulness of sexism and violence between students of nursing and other health sciences. 61.9 % of students had experienced one or more abusive behaviours in relationships; no significant differences were detected according to the degree. However, male students experienced dating violence more often than females. It was observed that students who had suffered dating violence showed greater agreement with sexist attitudes that justify violence. CONCLUSION: Students of health sciences, particularly males and nursing students, show sexist attitudes that justify gender-based violence. They also frequently experience dating violence, especially psychological violence. It is necessary to intensify or include education on these types of violence in the curricula of degrees in health sciences.

Moral experiences in caring for voluntary pregnancy losses: A meta-ethnography.

Voluntary abortions are relatively frequent and their care is complex due to the social stigma that surrounds these losses. This interpretive meta-ethnography of 11 original qualitative articles aims to synthesize the moral experiences of nurses and midwives who cared for women and couples that decided to abort or terminate the pregnancy due to foetal abnormalities. Lines of argument synthesis emerged after reciprocal and refutational translations, together with the metaphor, 'Going with the flow or swimming against the tide'. Caring in these situations was an ethical dilemma when a conflict existed between their professional duty and their moral principles. In these instances, care was associated with a significant emotional cost. They did not feel sufficiently prepared or with adequate resources, which favoured avoidance behaviours. However, the feeling of professional duty was stronger than their prejudices, and they became engaged in caring. These results could improve knowledge, clinical practice and education, being a (highly) reasonable representation of the phenomenon of interest.

Novice nurses' transition to the clinical setting in the COVID-19 pandemic: A phenomenological hermeneutic study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic both exposed and increased weaknesses in the healthcare system, so that novice nurses have become a more vulnerable group during this context. Aim: This study sought to illuminate experience of novice nurses in providing care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: It consists of a qualitative study conducted with data collected by means of semistructured interviews, audio recorded, transcribed, anonymised, and analysed in the light of the phenomenological hermeneutic approach. Fourteen registered novice nurses from two health areas in northwest of Spain, being twelve women and two men, who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic within their first five years of professional experience, were selected through a non-statistical snowball sampling. Results: After analysing the narratives, we identified four main themes: "Transitioning to a hostile, unknown and uncertain clinical setting from inexperience," "Invisible wounds because of being on the front line," and "Healing to return to the front line." Discussion: The uncertainty of an unknown illness and the lack of support during the COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting novice nurses, impacting their health conditions. At the same time, this context created opportunities for professional development. According to the interviewees, self-care and social support were elements to cope with exhaustion. Conclusion: Our study investigates the experiences of a group barely approached in the literature, highlighting the reality and difficulties of these nurses in transitioning to the clinical setting and providing insights to managerial leaders and educators.

Walking a tightrope: A meta-synthesis from frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Nursing staff plays a key role in the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic, being in the front line of care. This study sought to synthesise the qualitative literature on care experiences of frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. A search was conducted on five databases in January 2021. Fifteen qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the research, being submitted to interpretive meta-synthesis according to the eMERGe guide. The final synthesis included a line of argument that shows the experiences of frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, divided into three major themes: 'Instability on the edge of a cliff: unpredictable and unknown context,' 'The price of walking the tightrope: the uncertainty surrounding care,' and 'Finding the balance to reach the other side: dealing with the emotional demands of care.' Although essential in the health response to the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses experienced an emotional impact arising from the hampered care provision. Our results point to need for strengthening the training of nurses and future nurses, creating and promoting measures that contribute to their psycho-emotional well-being, ensuring a safe environment for their clinical practice, and promoting their participation in decision-making processes.

Double-Layer Masking of Suffering After Pregnancy Loss: A Grounded Theory Study from a Male Perspective.

INTRODUCTION: Men can express different responses after pregnancy loss. This loss can interfere with their expectation of parenthood, new life, and future hopes. Expectations from the social construction of gender can encourage them to maintain an image that contradicts their actual feelings. This can lead to isolation, distancing, and difficulties in seeking support. The scarcity and low representation of men in previous studies makes research that captures the complexity of their experience necessary. The aim of this study was to explore how men confront the suffering caused by pregnancy loss. METHODS: This study is part of a larger research project focusing on the experiences of parents and midwives following pregnancy loss. In this study, 22 cisgender and white heterosexual men who experienced pregnancy losses participated in semistructured interviews. Data were analyzed iteratively using constructivist grounded theory methods. RESULTS: The substantive theory of double-layer masking of suffering emerged as way to explain the confrontation of suffering after pregnancy loss from the male perspective. The themes, (1) suffering beyond physical loss, (2) rationalization in the search for meaning, and (3) keeping a façade with others, show the impact that this loss had on men, which was masked by the meaning they gave to the situation and by its social expression. DISCUSSION: The findings provide a theoretical conceptualization of the masking these men use to deal with the suffering they experienced from this situation. These aspects provide reasons for including these individuals in the assistance given by midwives after a pregnancy loss. Collaboration between specialized and primary care, along with staff training and support, is necessary for the provision of couple-centered care after pregnancy loss.

Unravelling the grief of involuntary pregnancy loss: A meta-ethnography of midwives' and nurses' emotional experiences.

BACKGROUND: Parents who experience involuntary pregnancy loss encounter nurses and midwives when requiring care. But the environment in which this attention is provided turns it into a stressful and challenging event that favours the concealment of emotions. Literature supports the development of compassion in nurses and midwives who tend to parents who experience pregnancy losses. AIM: To synthesise the emotional experiences of midwives and nurses when caring for parents who have suffered an involuntary pregnancy loss. METHOD: This is a synthesis of qualitative studies following Noblit and Hare's interpretive meta-ethnography. Eleven studies met the research objective and inclusion criteria. RESULTS: An overarching metaphor, 'Unravelling the grief of loss', accompanied by four major themes provided interpretive explanations to the experiences of midwives and nurses in caring for involuntary pregnancy losses: 'Pulling the thread' - looking for the meaning of loss; 'Yarn entanglement degree' - determinants for grief expression; 'Detangling tools' - focusing on the loss; and 'Fraying the thread' - moving away from the loss. DISCUSSION: The provision of whole care to these parents requires midwifery and nursing training and continued education. Furthermore, the organisational culture should prioritise the health and well-being of midwives and nurses. CONCLUSION: Midwives and nurses encounter the parents' loss in care and personally in various ways and give meaning to the loss conditioned by personal and professional determinants. They unravel the grief of loss by looking for the meaning, expressing their grief, focusing and moving away from the loss.

Asymmetric Power Relations in Gynaecological Consultations for Cervical Cancer Prevention: Biomedical and Gender Issues.

A generic qualitative research, using a poststructuralist feminist perspective, was conducted in a Spanish gynaecology unit with the following aims: (a) to analyse how asymmetric power relations in relation to biomedical knowledge and gender shape the medical encounters between gynaecologists and women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and (b) to explore the cognitive, moral, and emotional responses expressed by patients. A total of 21 women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were recruited through purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were recorded and transcribed, and a thematic analysis was carried out. Two major themes were identified: (a) gendered relations in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia medical encounters are based on hidden, judgmental moral assumptions, making women feel irresponsible and blamed for contracting the human papillomavirus infection; (b) biomedical power is based on the positivist assumption of a single truth (scientific knowledge), creating asymmetric relations rendering women ignorant and infantilised. Women reacted vehemently during the interviews, revealing a nexus of cognitive, moral, and emotional reactions. In medical encounters for management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, patients feel they are being morally judged and given limited information, generating emotional distress. Healthcare professionals should question whether their practices are based on stereotypical gender assumptions which lead to power asymmetries during encounters.

Encountering Parents Who Are Hesitant or Reluctant to Vaccinate Their Children: A Meta-Ethnography.

(1) Background: Health professionals play an important role in addressing parents who are hesitant or reluctant to immunise their children. Despite the importance of this topic, gaps remain in the literature about these experiences. This meta-ethnography aimed to synthesise the available body of qualitative work about the care experiences of community and hospital health professionals in encounters with parents hesitant or reluctant to vaccinate their children. The aim is to provide key information for the creation of strategies that address vaccine hesitancy or refusal and ensure public trust in vaccination programs, which are required in a pandemic context such as the current one. (2) Methods: Noblit and Hare's interpretive meta-ethnography of 12 studies was followed. A line of argument synthesis based on a metaphor was developed. (3) Results: The metaphor "The stone that refuses to be sculpted", accompanied by three themes, symbolises the care experiences of health professionals in their encounters with parents that hesitate or refuse to vaccinate their children. (4) Conclusions: The creation of clearer communication strategies, the establishment of a therapeutic alliance, health literacy and the empowerment of parents are recommended. The incorporation of health professionals in decision making and the strengthening of multidisciplinary teams interacting with such parents are also included.

Primary healthcare midwives' experiences of caring for parents who have suffered an involuntary pregnancy loss: a phenomenological hermeneutic study.

OBJECTIVE: To illuminate the experiences of primary healthcare midwives who care for parents who have suffered an involuntary pregnancy loss. DESIGN: The phenomenological hermeneutic approach developed by Lindseth and Norberg was used to carry out narrative interviews. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A purposive sample of 11 public primary healthcare midwives from a municipality in northern Spain, was selected. The participants' ages ranged between 26 and 62 years, and they were all women. FINDINGS: Four main themes were identified: (1) handling adversity, (2) finding a motive to get involved, (3) providing care from the rear, and (4) avoiding emotional connections with the parents. For the midwives, caring for parents who had suffered an involuntary pregnancy loss meant leaving their own comfort zone and handling adversity. They described acting in different ways such as going beyond task-focused care, following their intuition or avoiding encounters with the parents. CONCLUSIONS: More knowledge and preparation in terms of communication skills and bereavement is crucial for midwives in order to meet the needs of parents who have suffered an involuntary pregnancy loss. A caring organizational culture and supportive leadership will facilitate care continuity between specialized and primary healthcare and promote the welfare of midwives.

Coping After Involuntary Pregnancy Loss: Perspectives of Spanish European Women.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to discover the coping strategies used by Spanish (European) women to cope with a pregnancy loss. Sixteen women with miscarriages and stillbirths were interviewed. All of the women were Spanish European. The mean age of the women was 35 years, and most were university graduates, married, employed, and with living children. Audio-recorded interviews and field notes were transcribed and then subsequently coded and analyzed in individual or team sessions. Construction and confirmation of the categories and related themes derived from the data was a collaborative process. Two themes emerged regarding the coping strategies used by women: talking and avoiding. This study expands the theoretical model "Multicultural Model of Coping after Pregnancy Loss" and guides health providers regarding interventions used in practice.

Validation of a questionnaire of knowledge and attitudes about the subcutaneous venous reservoir in nursing.

OBJECTIVE: design and validate a questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses about the subcutaneous venous reservoir. METHOD: pilot test: 30 specialized care nurses. Main study: 236 nurses of primary and specialized care. Content validity was evaluated by Lawshe index, reliability by test-retest, internal consistency by Cronbach alpha, and construct validity by exploratory factorial analysis. RESULTS: Items with a Lawshe index lower than 0.51 were eliminated. In the test-retest, the intraclass correlation coefficient was higher than 0.75 for all items. The Cronbach alpha of the attitude questionnaire reached 0.865. The Cronbach alpha value for knowledge was 0.750. The exploratory factor analysis identified a set of four dimensions for each part that explain 64% (attitude) to 80% (knowledge) of variability. CONCLUSION: the analysis of the reliability and validity of the questionnaire supports its use as an instrument to assess the knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards the subcutaneous venous reservoir.

Involuntary Pregnancy Loss and Nursing Care: A Meta-Ethnography.

Healthcare professionals find the care of parents following an involuntary pregnancy loss stressful and challenging. They also feel unprepared to support bereaved parents. The challenging nature of this support may have a personal impact on health professionals and the care provided to parents. The aim of this meta-ethnography is to synthesise nurses' and midwives' experiences of caring for parents following an involuntary pregnancy loss. A meta-ethnography of ten studies from five countries was carried out. GRADE CERQual was assessed to show the degree of confidence in the review findings. An overarching metaphor, caring in darkness, accompanied by five major themes provided interpretive explanations about the experiences of nurses and midwives in caring for involuntary pregnancy losses: (1) Forces that turn off the light, (2) strength to go into darkness, (3) avoiding stumbling, (4) groping in darkness, and (5) wounded after dealing with darkness. Nursing staff dealt with organizational difficulties, which encouraged task-focused care and avoidance of encounters and emotional connection with parents. However, nurses and midwives might go beyond in their care when they had competencies, support, and a strong value base, despite the personal cost involved.

Multicultural coping experiences of parents following perinatal loss: A meta-ethnographic synthesis.

AIMS: To synthesize research findings regarding the coping experiences of parents following perinatal loss. DESIGN: Noblit and Hare's interpretive meta-ethnography was followed. DATA SOURCES: A comprehensive systematic search of the published literature (2013-2018) was undertaken in five databases, complemented by supplementary searches. REVIEW METHODS: Fourteen studies met the research objective and inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Five themes describe the coping strategies used by parents who experience perinatal loss. The themes were synthesized into the metaphor Staying afloat in the storm. CONCLUSION: Parents use coping strategies to manage perinatal loss and the use of these strategies is conditioned by cultural, social, and individual factors. This study has implications for evidence-based practice by showing care needs and the importance of implementing emotional and patient-centred care interventions. IMPACT: This meta-ethnography highlights the care needs of parents following perinatal loss, facilitating understanding of coping experiences. Increased knowledge about these experiences may contribute to the development and implementation of nursing and midwifery interventions that include emotional and patient-centred care.

Validation of a questionnaire of knowledge and attitudes about the subcutaneous venous reservoir in nursing / Validação de um questionário de conhecimentos e atitudes sobre o cateter venoso totalmente implantado em Enfermagem / Validación de un cuestionario de conocimientos y actitudes sobre el reservorio venoso subcutáneo en enfermería

Objective: design and validate a questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses about the subcutaneous venous reservoir. Method: pilot test: 30 specialized care nurses. Main study: 236 nurses of primary and specialized care. Content validity was evaluated by Lawshe index, reliability by test-retest, internal consistency by Cronbach alpha, and construct validity by exploratory factorial analysis. Results: Items with a Lawshe index lower than 0.51 were eliminated. In the test-retest, the intraclass correlation coefficient was higher than 0.75 for all items. The Cronbach alpha of the attitude questionnaire reached 0.865. The Cronbach alpha value for knowledge was 0.750. The exploratory factor analysis identified a set of four dimensions for each part that explain 64% (attitude) to 80% (knowledge) of variability. Conclusion: the analysis of the reliability and validity of the questionnaire supports its use as an instrument to assess the knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards the subcutaneous venous reservoir.

Objetivo: construir e validar um questionário para avaliar os conhecimentos e as atitudes dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre o cateter venoso totalmente implantado. Método: teste piloto: 30 enfermeiros de atendimento especializado. Estudo principal: 236 enfermeiros de atendimento primário e especializado. Avaliou-se a validade de conteúdo por meio do índice de Lawshe, a confiabilidade por meio do teste-reteste, a consistência interna mediante o alfa de Cronbach, e a validade de construto por meio de uma análise fatorial exploratória. Resultados: foram eliminados os itens com um índice de Lawshe inferior a 0,51. No teste-reteste, o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse foi maior que 0,75 para todos os itens. O alfa de Cronbach do questionário de atitude atingiu um valor de 0,865. O valor de alfa de Cronbach para o de conhecimentos foi de 0,750. A análise fatorial exploratória identificou um conjunto de quatro dimensões para cada parte, que explicam a variabilidade de 64% (atitude) a 80% (conhecimentos). Conclusão: a análise da confiabilidade e a validade do questionário endossam seu uso como instrumento para avaliar os conhecimentos e as atitudes dos profissionais de enfermagem em relação ao cateter venoso totalmente implantado.

Objetivo: diseñar y validar un cuestionario para evaluar los conocimientos y las actitudes del personal de enfermería sobre el reservorio venoso subcutáneo. Método: prueba piloto con 30 enfermeros/as de atención especializada. Estudio principal con 236 enfermeros/as de atención primaria y especializada. Se evaluó la validez de contenido mediante el índice de Lawshe, la fiabilidad mediante test-retest, la consistencia interna mediante el alfa de Cronbach y la validez de constructo con un análisis factorial exploratorio. Resultados: se eliminaron los ítems con un índice de Lawshe inferior a 0,51. En el test-retest, el coeficiente de correlación intraclase resultó ser mayor que 0,75 para todos los ítems. El alfa de Cronbach del cuestionario de actitud alcanzó un valor de 0,865. El valor de alfa de Cronbach para el de conocimientos fue de 0,750. El análisis factorial exploratorio identificó un conjunto de cuatro dimensiones para cada parte que explican del 64% (actitud) al 80% (conocimientos) de la variabilidad. Conclusión: el análisis de la fiabilidad y la validez del cuestionario avalan su uso como instrumento para valorar los conocimientos y actitudes del personal de enfermería en torno al reservorio venoso subcutáneo.